ESTIMATION OF SOME GENETIC PARAMETERS FOR GRAIN YIELD AND ITS COMPONENTS IN TWO BREAD WHEAT CROSSES

Document Type : Original research

10.12816/ejpb.2023.301679

Abstract

Six populations (P1, P2, F1, BC1, BC2 and F2) of two bread wheat crosses namely Misr-3 x Shandweel-1 and Shandweel-1 x line-1 were produced and evaluated in a randomized complete block design with three replications during the three successive seasons of 2018/2019, 2019/2020 and 2020/2021 at El-Giza Agric. Res Station. The study aimed to know genetic parameters, heritability, and gene action for yield and its components of the studied genotypes using generation mean analysis, High degree of genetic variation was observed among generations for most of the studied traits. Most studied traits in both crosses were significant for at least one of the scaling test A, B, C, and D. It indicating the presence of non-allelic interaction (epistasis) and digenic model was adequate to explain the inheritance of the studied traits. Positive and highly significant heterotic effects relative to better parents were found by number of kernels/spike and grain yield/plant in both crosses, number of spikes/plant in the first cross and plant height in the second cross. Highly negative and significant heterotic effects relative to better parents were found by plant height in the first cross, number of spikes/ plant in the second cross and 100-kernel weight in both crosses. Additive gene effects were found to be significant for plant height, number of kernels/spike and grain yield/plant in the second cross. Dominance gene effects were significant for all traits except 100-kernel weight in the first cross. Additive x additive were significant for plant height and grain yield/plant in both crosses, number of kernels/spike in the first cross and number of spikes/plant in the second cross. Additive x dominance was significant for number of spikes/plant in both crosses, plant height and 100- kernel weight in the first cross and grain yield/plant and number of kernels/spike in the second cross. Dominance x dominance was significant for 100-kernel weight in both crosses, number of spikes/plant in the first cross, and for number of kernels/spike in the second cross. Moderate heritability was estimated in broad sense for most studied traits.

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